{"id":6797,"date":"2026-09-28T05:33:09","date_gmt":"2026-09-28T05:33:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/?p=6797"},"modified":"2026-09-28T05:33:09","modified_gmt":"2026-09-28T05:33:09","slug":"%d8%b4%d8%b1%d8%ad-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%af%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%b1-%d8%a8%d8%af%d8%a1%d9%8b%d8%a7-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/doppler-radar-explained-from-physical-principles-to-engineering-implementation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631: \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block has-ast-global-color-4-background-color has-background\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h2><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#1-the-physical-essence-of-the-doppler-effect\">1. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1-1-what-is-the-doppler-effect\">1.1 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#1-2-mathematical-expression-of-doppler-shift\">1.2 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631\u064a<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-how-doppler-radar-measures-velocity-and-range\">2. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#2-1-pure-continuous-wave-doppler-radar-velocity-only\">2.1 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-2-pulse-doppler-radar-simultaneous-ranging-and-velocity-measurement\">2.2 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-3-fmcw-radar-unifying-the-frequency-difference-method\">2.3 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 FMCW: \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-from-moving-target-indication-to-pulse-doppler-academician-mao-erkes-technical-contributions\">3. \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0648 \u0625\u0631\u0643\u064a<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-typical-applications-of-doppler-radar\">4. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#4-1-weather-monitoring\">4.1 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-2-traffic-speed-measurement\">4.2 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-3-missile-guidance-and-miss-distance-measurement\">4.3 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-4-drone-detection-and-low-altitude-surveillance\">4.4 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#5-stard-ls-technical-support-for-doppler-radar-rf-front-ends\">5. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 STARDL \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6-doppler-radar-vs-other-architectures-selection-comparison\">6. \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#the-engineering-reality\">\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641. \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u2014 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0647. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0648 \u0625\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646: \u201c\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u201d. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u2014 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u201d \u0647\u0630\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"1-the-physical-essence-of-the-doppler-effect\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">1. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"1-1-what-is-the-doppler-effect\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">1.1 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1842\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0641: \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u2014 \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"1-2-mathematical-expression-of-doppler-shift\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">1.2 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648 f\u2080\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 v. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649 f_r \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>f_r = f\u2080 \u00d7 (1 \u00b1 2v\/c)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062d\u064a\u062b c \u0647\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0628\u0640 \u0394f = f_r \u2013 f\u2080 \u2248 2v\u00b7f\u2080\/c. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a: <strong>\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/strong>, \u060c \u0641\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/strong>, \u060c \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u2014\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"2-how-doppler-radar-measures-velocity-and-range\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">2. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"2-1-pure-continuous-wave-doppler-radar-velocity-only\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">2.1 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 (CW) \u2014 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0630\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 (SDR)\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 70 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u06486 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f 5.5 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0623\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 2% \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 0 \u0648100 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 (CW) \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d: <strong>\u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/strong> \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u201c\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u201d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u201c\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"2-2-pulse-doppler-radar-simultaneous-ranging-and-velocity-measurement\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">2.2 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a \u0647\u0648 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/strong>. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a (PRF) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u062f\u0649\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u061b \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a (PRF) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629\u064b \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"2-3-fmcw-radar-unifying-the-frequency-difference-method\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">2.3 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 FMCW: \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 FMCW \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0628 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u064a \u062e\u0637\u064a (LFM) \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u063a\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0628 k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062c\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"3-from-moving-target-indication-to-pulse-doppler-academician-mao-erkes-technical-contributions\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">3. \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0648 \u0625\u0631\u0643\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u201c\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u201d \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0641\u064a <strong>\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621)\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 (MTI) \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 (MTD) \u0641\u064a: <strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629<\/strong>\u2014\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0648 \u0625\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u201c\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u201d. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u2014 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629: <strong>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u2014 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u201d \u2014 \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"4-typical-applications-of-doppler-radar\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">4. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"4-1-weather-monitoring\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">4.1 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0637\u0627\u0644 (\u0642\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062f)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0648 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0623\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u201c\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0637\u0631\u201d\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627\u201d \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f 94 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 (PDPP) \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 5 \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"4-2-traffic-speed-measurement\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">4.2 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u2014 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u2014 \u0641\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 FMCW\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"4-3-missile-guidance-and-miss-distance-measurement\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">4.3 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u201c\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0647\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0648 \u0625\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u2014 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"4-4-drone-detection-and-low-altitude-surveillance\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">4.4 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 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\u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u064a\u0637\u063a\u0649 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"5-stard-ls-technical-support-for-doppler-radar-rf-front-ends\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">5. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 STARDL 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\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 (RF). \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 (RF) \u0645\u0646 STARDL \u062f\u0639\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u2013 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/strong> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a. \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 (LNA) \u0645\u0646 STARDL \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 GaAs\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 0.35 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0642\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u2013 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 GaN.<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649. \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 GaN \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 STARDL \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u064a 0.5\u20138.0 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0631\u062c \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u0648\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a. \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0640 GaN \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u2014 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631. \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 STARDL \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 50 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 MTI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u2013 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644.<\/strong> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\/\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 STARDL \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"6-doppler-radar-vs-other-architectures-selection-comparison\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">6. \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 (CW) \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 FMCW<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621<\/td><td>\u0646\u0639\u0645 (\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a)<\/td><td>\u0646\u0639\u0645 (\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td><td>\u0642\u0648\u064a<\/td><td>\u0642\u0648\u064a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td><td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621<\/td><td>\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f<\/td><td>\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631<\/td><td>\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649<\/td><td>\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637-\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628<\/td><td>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td><td>\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"the-engineering-reality\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634<\/strong>. \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 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\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0648 \u0625\u0631\u0643\u064a \u2014 \u201d\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u201d \u2014 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631. \u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f 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\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u2014 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Doppler radar is a radar architecture that uses the Doppler effect to measure a target&#8217;s radial velocity. When the electromagnetic [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6799,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[503,476,489,504,497,505,506],"class_list":["post-6797","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technical-documentation","tag-doppler-effect","tag-doppler-radar","tag-fmcw-radar","tag-moving-target-indication","tag-pulse-doppler-radar","tag-radar-speed-measurement","tag-stardl"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6797","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6797"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6797\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6800,"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6797\/revisions\/6800"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6799"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6797"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6797"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6797"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}