{"id":6713,"date":"2026-08-21T08:54:46","date_gmt":"2026-08-21T08:54:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/?p=6713"},"modified":"2026-08-21T08:54:46","modified_gmt":"2026-08-21T08:54:46","slug":"%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d9%8a%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%9f-%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%b4%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/how-does-radar-work-a-complete-guide-from-principles-to-engineering-practice\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u061f \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block has-ast-global-color-4-background-color has-background\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h2><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#1-the-core-working-principle-of-radar\">1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-the-three-fundamental-measurements-of-radar\">2. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#2-1-range-the-time-of-flight-method\">2.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649: \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-2-velocity-the-doppler-effect\">2.2 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629: \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-3-angle-direction-finding\">2.3 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-main-components-of-a-radar-system\">3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-major-types-of-radar\">4. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#4-1-by-architecture\">4.1 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-2-by-operating-mode\">4.2 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#5-radar-frequency-bands-and-applications\">5. \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6-radar-signal-processing-extracting-targets-from-noise\">6. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#6-1-matched-filtering\">6.1 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6-2-pulse-compression\">6.2 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6-3-moving-target-indication-and-moving-target-detection\">6.3 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6-4-constant-false-alarm-rate-cfar-processing\">6.4 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a (CFAR)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#7-stard-ls-engineering-advantages-across-the-radar-technology-chain\">7. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 STARDL \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#the-engineering-reality\">\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 (RADAR\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u00abRadio Detection And Ranging\u00bb \u0623\u064a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u00bb) \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u062f. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u2013 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"1-the-core-working-principle-of-radar\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <a href=\"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/%d8%a3%d9%86%d8%b8%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1\/\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/a> \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u201d:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 1: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 \u064a\u064f\u0648\u0644\u0650\u0651\u062f \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0634\u0639\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 2: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0627 (\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e)\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 3: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 4: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a WSR-88D \u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 1.57 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1300 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 7 \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064d \u2013 \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064059 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u064853 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u064f\u0642\u0636\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u201d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"2-the-three-fundamental-measurements-of-radar\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">2. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"2-1-range-the-time-of-flight-method\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">2.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649: \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628&nbsp;<strong>\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0627\u0628<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0649\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 300,000 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a. \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 = (\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u00d7 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0627\u0628) \/ 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u2013 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"2-2-velocity-the-doppler-effect\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">2.2 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629: \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644&nbsp;<strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631<\/strong>. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u2014 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0634 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a \u2013 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0646\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0643\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631&nbsp;<strong>\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631\u064a<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 (\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0647). \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"2-3-angle-direction-finding\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">2.3 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644&nbsp;<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0648\u062b \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"3-main-components-of-a-radar-system\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td><td>\u064a\u064f\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td><td>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062b\u0647\u0627<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/td><td>\u064a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td><td>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td><td>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u2014 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\/\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td><td>\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"4-major-types-of-radar\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">4. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"4-1-by-architecture\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">4.1 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"4-2-by-operating-mode\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">4.2 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 (CW)<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f (FMCW)<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"5-radar-frequency-bands-and-applications\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">5. \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>HF<\/td><td>3\u201330 \u0645\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/td><td>\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a (UHF)\/\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 L<\/td><td>0.3\u20132 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 S<\/td><td>2\u20134 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/td><td>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 C<\/td><td>4\u20138 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/td><td>\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 X<\/td><td>8\u201312 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a Ku\/K\/Ka<\/td><td>12\u201340 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td><td>&gt;30 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/td><td>\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u061b \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"6-radar-signal-processing-extracting-targets-from-noise\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">6. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644.&nbsp;<strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0634\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"6-1-matched-filtering\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">6.1 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0623\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"6-2-pulse-compression\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">6.2 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"6-3-moving-target-indication-and-moving-target-detection\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">6.3 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 (MTI)<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0648&nbsp;<strong>\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 (MTD)<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"6-4-constant-false-alarm-rate-cfar-processing\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">6.4 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a (CFAR)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"7-stard-ls-engineering-advantages-across-the-radar-technology-chain\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">7. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 STARDL \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 (RF) \u2013 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u061b \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629. \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a STARDL \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u2013 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 (GaN)<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 (GaN) \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 STARDL \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u064a 0.5\u20138.0 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0631\u062c \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u0648\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 (GaN) \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u2013 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627\u062a LNA \u0645\u0646 STARDL\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 GaAs\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 0.35 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 STARDL \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 50 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062c\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u2013 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 STARDL \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u201c\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u201d. \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 STARDL \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u2014 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 GaN \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 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\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u2014 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 GaN \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a (RF) \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 (T\/R) \u2014 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Radar (RADAR, an acronym for Radio Detection And Ranging) is an active sensing technology that determines the distance, velocity, direction, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6714,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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