{"id":5359,"date":"2026-05-26T07:49:00","date_gmt":"2026-05-26T07:49:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/?p=5359"},"modified":"2026-06-12T05:46:06","modified_gmt":"2026-06-12T05:46:06","slug":"cosite-interference-and-rf-isolation-in-anti-drone-jammers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/cosite-interference-and-rf-isolation-in-anti-drone-jammers\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block has-ast-global-color-4-background-color has-background\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h2><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#1-the-problem-what-cosite-interference-really-is\">1. The Problem: What Cosite Interference Really Is<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1-1-blocking-front-end-saturation\">1.1 Blocking \u2014 Front-End Saturation<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#1-2-noise-leakage-the-sneaky-one\">1.2 Noise Leakage \u2014 The Sneaky One<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-the-target-how-much-isolation-do-you-actually-need\">2. The Target: How Much Isolation Do You Actually Need?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-three-layer-isolation-architecture-hardware-\u2192-antenna-\u2192-timing\">3. Three-Layer Isolation Architecture: Hardware \u2192 Antenna \u2192 Timing<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#3-1-layer-1-high-rejection-cavity-filtering\">3.1 Layer 1: High-Rejection Cavity Filtering<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-2-layer-2-antenna-placement-and-directional-isolation\">3.2 Layer 2: Antenna Placement and Directional Isolation<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-3-layer-3-tdma-time-division-coexistence\">3.3 Layer 3: TDMA \u2014 Time-Division Coexistence<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-key-selection-metrics-for-cosite-integration\">4. Key Selection Metrics for Cosite Integration<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5-design-verification-and-test-methods\">5. Design Verification and Test Methods<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6-putting-it-all-together\">6. Putting It All Together<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In integrated<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/%d8%a3%d9%86%d8%b8%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%af%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a8%d8%af%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b1\/\"> Counter-Unmanned Aircraft Systems<\/a><\/strong> (C-UAS), high-power RF jammers and sensitive detection radars are often deployed on the same physical platform \u2014 a single vehicle or tower. When the jammer operates, its tens to hundreds of watts of RF energy couple directly into adjacent receive antennas. The result? Radar detection range collapses. The noise floor rises. The receive channel can even completely saturate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is&nbsp;<strong>cosite interference<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This paper walks through the RF physics behind cosite interference, presents a three-layer isolation architecture (hardware filtering \u2192 antenna placement \u2192 TDMA), and provides quantifiable engineering metrics for system integrators who need radar and jammer to actually work together on the same platform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"1-the-problem-what-cosite-interference-really-is\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. The Problem: What Cosite Interference Really Is<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On a typical integrated C-UAS platform, the distance between a jammer antenna and a radar antenna is often just a few meters \u2014 sometimes centimeters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jammer transmit power:&nbsp;<strong>40 dBm (10W) to 50 dBm (100W)<\/strong><br>Radar receiver sensitivity:&nbsp;<strong>-90 dBm to -110 dBm<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That&#8217;s a&nbsp;<strong>140\u2013160 dB<\/strong>&nbsp;gap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Even a tiny fraction of jammer energy coupling into the receiver is enough to cause serious damage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two physical mechanisms are at play.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"1-1-blocking-front-end-saturation\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.1 Blocking \u2014 Front-End Saturation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When jammer energy (or its harmonics) enters the radar&#8217;s low-noise amplifier (LNA) and exceeds the LNA&#8217;s&nbsp;<strong>input 1 dB compression point (IP1dB)<\/strong>&nbsp;, the LNA saturates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What happens next:<\/strong>&nbsp;LNA gain drops dramatically. The radar can no longer amplify weak drone returns. Detection capability is gone. Recovery time depends on jammer pulse width and LNA characteristics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A typical LNA has an IP1dB around&nbsp;<strong>-20 dBm to -10 dBm<\/strong>. In a cosite scenario, coupled power into the receiver port can reach&nbsp;<strong>0 dBm or higher<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 well past the safety limit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"1-2-noise-leakage-the-sneaky-one\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.2 Noise Leakage \u2014 The Sneaky One<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is more subtle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The jammer&#8217;s power amplifier (PA) operating in its nonlinear region generates a broadband noise floor that extends far beyond the carrier frequency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Even if the jammer&#8217;s center frequency (say, 2.4 GHz) is far from the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/%d8%a3%d9%86%d8%b8%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1\/\">radar&#8217;s <\/a><\/strong>band (X-band or Ku-band), that out-of-band noise still spreads into the radar&#8217;s receive band \u2014&nbsp;<strong>directly raising the receiver&#8217;s noise floor<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The consequence:<\/strong>&nbsp;According to the radar equation, sensitivity is directly tied to system noise temperature. Every 3 dB of noise floor increase cuts detection range by roughly 16%. Field data shows that without effective isolation, cosite deployment can reduce detection range by&nbsp;<strong>50\u201370%<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"2-the-target-how-much-isolation-do-you-actually-need\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. The Target: How Much Isolation Do You Actually Need?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To keep radar and jammer working simultaneously, the coupled jammer power at the receiver input must stay below the LNA&#8217;s IP1dB and must not significantly raise the noise floor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Assume:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Jammer transmit power:&nbsp;<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>P<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mn>50<\/mn><mtext>&nbsp;dBm<\/mtext><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><em>P<\/em><em>t<\/em>\u200b=50&nbsp;dBm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>LNA IP1dB:&nbsp;<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>P<\/mi><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mi>d<\/mi><mi>B<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mo>\u2212<\/mo><mn>15<\/mn><mtext>&nbsp;dBm<\/mtext><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><em>P<\/em>1<em>d<\/em><em>B<\/em>\u200b=\u221215&nbsp;dBm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Minimum required isolation:<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mtext>Isolation<\/mtext><mtext>min<\/mtext><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>P<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><\/msub><mo>\u2212<\/mo><msub><mi>P<\/mi><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mi>d<\/mi><mi>B<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mn>50<\/mn><mo>\u2212<\/mo><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mo>\u2212<\/mo><mn>15<\/mn><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><mo>=<\/mo><mn>65<\/mn><mtext>&nbsp;dB<\/mtext><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math>Isolationmin\u200b=<em>P<\/em><em>t<\/em>\u200b\u2212<em>P<\/em>1<em>d<\/em><em>B<\/em>\u200b=50\u2212(\u221215)=65&nbsp;dB<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Add engineering margin (typically 10\u201315 dB) plus out-of-band noise suppression requirements, and the real-world target lands at&nbsp;<strong>80\u2013100 dB<\/strong>&nbsp;of total isolation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"3-three-layer-isolation-architecture-hardware-\u2192-antenna-\u2192-timing\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Three-Layer Isolation Architecture: Hardware \u2192 Antenna \u2192 Timing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No single technique can deliver 80+ dB of isolation. Proven designs use three layers in sequence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"3-1-layer-1-high-rejection-cavity-filtering\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 Layer 1: High-Rejection Cavity Filtering<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A high-Q filter must be placed immediately after the jammer&#8217;s PA \u2014 right at the source \u2014 to cut out-of-band noise and spurious emissions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Selection criteria:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Metal cavity or high-Q dielectric filter<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Passband insertion loss:&nbsp;<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mo>&lt;<\/mo><mn>0.5<\/mn><mtext>&nbsp;dB<\/mtext><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math>&lt;0.5&nbsp;dB<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Out-of-band rejection (at radar band):&nbsp;<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mo>\u2265<\/mo><mn>60<\/mn><mtext>&nbsp;dBc<\/mtext><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math>\u226560&nbsp;dBc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Temperature stability: center frequency drift&nbsp;<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mo>&lt;<\/mo><mo>\u00b1<\/mo><mn>5<\/mn><mtext>&nbsp;MHz<\/mtext><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math>&lt;\u00b15&nbsp;MHz&nbsp;over full operating range<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Where it sits in the chain:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">text<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">Baseband \u2192 Upconverter \u2192 Driver Amp \u2192 PA \u2192 Cavity Filter \u2192 Directional Antenna\n                                           \u2191\n                                    Cuts out-of-band noise<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Engineering note:<\/strong>&nbsp;Place the <strong>filter <\/strong>as close to the PA output as possible to suppress radiation on the transmission path after the PA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"3-2-layer-2-antenna-placement-and-directional-isolation\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 Layer 2: Antenna Placement and Directional Isolation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After hardware filtering gives you ~60 dB of rejection, the remaining 20\u201340 dB of isolation comes from antenna placement and directivity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Vertical separation:<\/strong><br>On a mast or tower, separate jammer and radar antennas vertically. Measured data at microwave frequencies:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Every 0.5 m of vertical separation adds roughly 5\u20138 dB of isolation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>At 2 m vertical separation, you can get 20\u201330 dB of isolation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Horizontal separation is far less effective. Always prefer vertical.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Using antenna nulling:<\/strong><br>Use a high-directivity antenna for the jammer (<strong>panel antenna<\/strong>, <strong>log-periodic<\/strong>, etc.). Aim the&nbsp;<strong>back lobe null<\/strong>&nbsp;toward the radar antenna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A good directional antenna has a front-to-back ratio of 25\u201330 dB. Use that directivity to gain another 20+ dB of isolation \u2014 for free.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"3-3-layer-3-tdma-time-division-coexistence\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3 Layer 3: TDMA \u2014 Time-Division Coexistence<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When hardware and antenna placement hit their limits (think extremely compact platforms), you must move to the time domain. This is&nbsp;<strong>temporal coexistence<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 radar and jammer take turns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>How it works:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>High-precision clock sync:<\/strong>&nbsp;Radar, sensors, and jammer share the same microsecond-accurate clock source (GPS\/BeiDou disciplined oscillator or OCXO)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dynamic time slot allocation:<\/strong>&nbsp;The timeline is divided into microseconds-length slots<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Slot Type<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">State<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Detection Window (Slot 1)<\/td><td>Jammer PA off (quiet). Radar transmits and listens. Sensors monitor.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Jam Window (Slot 2)<\/td><td>Radar receiver protected (disconnected or front-end limited). Jammer fires at full power.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Key timing specs:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Slot width: typically 100\u2013500 \u03bcs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RF switch transition time:&nbsp;<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mo>\u2264<\/mo><mn>5<\/mn><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>\u03bc<\/mi><mtext>s<\/mtext><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math>\u22645&nbsp;<em>\u03bc<\/em>s<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clock sync accuracy:&nbsp;<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mo>\u2264<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>\u03bc<\/mi><mtext>s<\/mtext><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math>\u22641&nbsp;<em>\u03bc<\/em>s<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With fast alternation (1\u20135 kHz switching), the system looks like it&#8217;s detecting and jamming simultaneously. In reality, they are completely separated in time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"4-key-selection-metrics-for-cosite-integration\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Key Selection Metrics for Cosite Integration<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These are the specs you must lock down when evaluating a jammer for cosite deployment:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Industry Benchmark<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Engineering Meaning<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Out-of-band spurious emissions<\/strong><\/td><td>\u2264 -60 dBc\/MHz<\/td><td>Measured at the radar band. Lower (more negative) means less noise pollution to co-located receivers.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>RF switch transition time<\/strong><\/td><td>\u2264 5 \u03bcs<\/td><td>Rise time from PA quiet to full power. Determines detection window dead time in TDMA mode.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Antenna front-to-back ratio<\/strong><\/td><td>\u2265 25 dB<\/td><td>Higher means less energy leaking backward toward your own radar.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Cavity filter out-of-band rejection<\/strong><\/td><td>\u2265 60 dBc @ radar band<\/td><td>If it&#8217;s lower than this, hardware filtering alone won&#8217;t support cosite deployment.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>LNA recovery time<\/strong><\/td><td>\u2264 10 \u03bcs<\/td><td>Time for the receiver to regain normal gain after saturation. Affects effective detection windows under pulsed interference.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"5-design-verification-and-test-methods\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Design Verification and Test Methods<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">During system integration, run these tests to validate cosite performance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Test 1: Isolation measurement<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Jammer at full power<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Spectrum analyzer connected to radar receive port<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Measure coupled power at radar input (fundamental + harmonics)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Test 2: Detection range degradation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Baseline: radar detection range against standard drone target (RCS = 0.01 m\u00b2) with jammer off<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Re-test with jammer on<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Acceptable degradation: \u2264 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Test 3: Noise floor rise<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Record radar noise floor with jammer off<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Measure noise floor at radar operating frequency with jammer on<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Acceptable rise: \u2264 3 dB<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Test 4: TDMA timing validation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>High-bandwidth oscilloscope monitoring jammer transmit envelope and radar pulse timing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Confirm jammer is completely quiet during detection windows, and radar receiver is protected during jam windows<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"6-putting-it-all-together\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Putting It All Together<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cosite interference is one of the most underestimated \u2014 and most destructive \u2014 problems in integrated C-UAS system integration. There&#8217;s a natural physical conflict between a high-power jammer and a high-sensitivity receiver.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Solving it requires system-level thinking:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Hardware filtering<\/strong>&nbsp;is the foundation. 60 dB of out-of-band rejection is the entry ticket.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Antenna placement<\/strong>&nbsp;multiplies that gain. Vertical separation plus nulling adds another 20\u201330 dB.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>TDMA<\/strong>&nbsp;is the safety net. When physical isolation hits its limit, you trade time for space.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For system integrators: demand measured test reports for all the specs above before selection. During site acceptance, run isolation and range degradation tests. That&#8217;s how you ensure your C-UAS system can truly&nbsp;<strong>detect and jam at the same time<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 without blinding itself.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In integrated Counter-Unmanned Aircraft Systems (C-UAS), high-power RF jammers and sensitive detection radars are often deployed on the same physical [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5360,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[110,108,109,111],"class_list":["post-5359","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technical-documentation","tag-cavity-filter","tag-cosite-interference","tag-rf-isolation","tag-tdma-coexistence"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5359","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5359"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5359\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6640,"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5359\/revisions\/6640"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5360"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5359"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5359"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stardl.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5359"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}